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(1974-1944) Last khedive of Egypt 1892-1914.
Abbas 2 earned much popularity among Egyptians and
the nationalist movement for the opposition to the
British influence over Egypt he exercised in the
early years of his reign.
But as with rulers before him, he realized that
his position was too weak to survive without some
cooperation with the British. The extent of this
varied through his reign, but when he gave his
support to the Ottoman Empire, calling for
opposition to the British in the beginning of
World War 1, his days were counted.
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BIOGRAPHY
1874 July 14: Born in Alexandria, Egypt, as
son of Tawfiq Pasha, who would become khedive of
Egypt in 1879.
Spends many of his young years in Europe,
receiving a European style education.
1892 January 7: Tawfiq and Abbas 2 succeeds
him as khedive. Abbas 2 tries soon to liberate
himself from the British control exercised by the
British consul general in Egypt, Lord Cromer.
1894: Abbas 2 criticizes the actions of the
British troops stationed in Egypt. Lord Cromer
reacts by imposing strict regulations on Abbas 2's
freedom to act.
1898: Egypt reconquers Sudan.
1900: Pays a visit to Britain. During this
we praised Britain for her acts in Egypt, and
declared great willingness to cooperate with the
British officials administering Egyptian affairs.
1906: The Egyptian nationalists call for
the establishment of a constitutional government.
Abbas 2 rejects.
1907: Abbas 2 allows the formation of the
National Party under the leadership of Mustafa
Kamil, as an act of creating a counterbalance to
the British.
1911: As Lord Kitchener is appointed consul
general, he introduces regulations which strongly
reduces Abbas 2 freedom to act independently.
1914: With the outbreak of World War 1,
Abbas 2 gives his support to the Ottoman Empire.
December 18: A British a protectorate for Egypt
is established.
December 19: Abbas 2 is deposed, and replaced by
Hussein Kamil, his uncle.
1922: Egypt is declared independent, and
Abbas 2 is stripped for all rights to the throne. He passes the rest of his life in exile, mainly
in Switzerland.
1944 December 20: Dies in Geneva,
Switzerland.
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